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<!doctype html>
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<title>jenkins.debian.net or what is Debian doing with all these resources</title>
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<!--
42min :)
who are you?
who knows about Debian? ;-)
who knows about jenkins.debian.net?
torbrowser-launcher
-->
<body>
<div class="reveal">
<div class="slides" style="text-align: left;">
<section data-background="images/debian_logo.png" data-background-size="10%" data-background-position="90% 10%">
<h2>
about <code>jenkins.debian.net</code> - or what Holger / Debian is doing with all these resources
</h2>
<p>(Automating all the tests!)</p>
<h4>
<br>
Holger Levsen <holger@debian.org>
</h4>
<p><small>Profitbricks Office, 2016-11-30, Berlin, Germany</small></p>
</section>
<section data-background="images/h01ger.png" data-background-size="15%" data-background-color="black">
<h2>about me</h2>
<ul class="fragment">
<li>Debian user since 1995, contributing since 2001</li>
<li>Debian-Edu (Debian for Education), since 2003</li>
<li>DebConf organizer, founded the DebConf video team in 2005</li>
<li>Debian developer since 2007, <code>holger@debian.og</code></li>
<li>Freelancer since 2004, <code>holgerlevsen.de</code></li>
<li>Freelancer at Profitbricks from 2011-2013 and 2015</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section data-background="images/h01ger.png" data-background-size="15%" data-background-color="black">
<h2>more about Debian QA and me</h2>
<ul class="fragment">
<li class="fragment"><code>https://piuparts.debian.org</code> since 2009 - today juggling with 648988 logs from 53158 packages in 28 suites with Andreas Beckmann</li>
<li class="fragment"><code>https://jenkins.debian.net</code> since 2012</li>
<li class="fragment"><code>https://reproducible.debian.net</code> since 2014</li>
<li class="fragment">since 2015 funded by the Linux Foundation for working on <code>https://reproducible-builds.org</code></li>
</ul>
</section>
<section data-background="images/debian.jpg" data-background-color="black">
<h2>other Debian QA efforts elsewhere</h2>
<ul>
<li><code>lintian.debian.org</code></li>
<li><code>ci.debian.net</code></li>
<li>periodic full archive rebuilds (amd64 only)</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section data-background="images/debian-jenkins.png" data-background-size="10%" data-background-position="90% 10%">
<h2>
about jenkins.debian.net
</h2>
<ul>
<li>resources sponsored by Profitbricks since 2012</li>
<li>first request on August 2nd 2012: 2-4 cores, 2GB RAM, 1 TB storage</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section data-background="images/jenkins_jobs-year.png" data-background-size="65%">
</section>
<section data-background="images/debian-jenkins.png" data-background-size="10%" data-background-position="90% 10%">
<h2>
Profitbricks resources used by jenkins.debian.net
</h2>
<ul>
<li>17 machines (16*Debian, 1*FreeBSD, 13*64bit, 4*32bit)<br />
in 2 datacenters (FKB + FRA)</li>
<li>168 cores (148 AMD, 20 Intel) with 498/503 GB RAM</li>
<li>2.9/3.1 TB HDD and 1.9/2 TB SDD storage</li>
<li>no static IP addresses, no idea about traffic (500gb/month?)</li>
<li class="fragment">2 DCD users: Mattia Rizzolo and me</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section data-background="images/debian-jenkins.png" data-background-size="10%" data-background-position="90% 10%">
<h2>
jenkins.debian.net contributors:
</h2>
<ul>
<li>Mattia Rizzolo, Valerie Young and others: reproducible Debian</li>
<li>Helmut Grohne: rebootstrap</li>
<li>Samuel Thibault: hurd + accessibility</li>
<li>Steven Chamberlain: kfreebsd</li>
<li>Phil Hands: lvc</li>
<li>Tomasz Nitecki: jenkins java support</li>
<li class="fragment">36 contributors to <code>jenkins.debian.net.git</code> in total</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section data-background="images/debian.jpg" data-background-color="black">
<h2>
A quick detour about Debian release names
</h2>
<ul class="fragment">
<li>wheezy (Debian 7) = oldstable</li>
<li>jessie (8) = stable</li>
<li>stretch (9 = testing</li>
<li>sid = unstable</li>
<li>experimental</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section data-background="images/debian-jenkins.png" data-background-size="10%" data-background-position="90% 10%">
<h2>
Benefits for debian
</h2>
<ul class="fragment">
<li>
IRC / mail notifications, #debian-qa IRC channel and 11 other channels, more mailinglists
</li>
<li>
Early notifications of problems - though bugs still need to be filed manually
</li>
<li>
Countless bug reports, ie 2670 done ftbfs via reproducible… (and 500 open…)
</li>
<li>
<code>jenkins.debian.net</code> will become an offical service, <code>jenkins.debian.org</code>
</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section data-background="images/debian-jenkins.png" data-background-size="10%" data-background-position="90% 10%">
<h2>
chroot-installation tests
</h2>
<ul>
<li>338 jobs basically running <code>apt install $metapackages</code><br />
(gnome, kde, cinnamon, lxde, xfce, qt4, qt5, haskell, developer, debconf-video, debian-edu)</li>
<li>new installations and upgrades tested in <br />
wheezy (98), jessie (147), stretch (153), sid (98)</li>
<li>wheezy monthly, jessie weekly, stretch every other day, sid daily</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section data-background="images/debian-jenkins.png" data-background-size="10%" data-background-position="90% 10%">
<h2>
g-i-installation tests
</h2>
<ul>
<li>tests Debian Installer (d-i) in graphical mode ("g-i") and text mode</li>
<li>creates videos and screenshots</li>
<li>plain Debian (installations and rescue mode) and Debian Edu</li>
<li>jessie, stretch and sid</li>
<li>linux, kfreebsd and hurd</li>
<li>finally almost deprecated today, will be replaced by lvc tests (libvirt-cucumber) maintained by Phil Hands</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section data-background="images/debian-jenkins.png" data-background-size="10%" data-background-position="90% 10%">
<h2>
more debian-installer related jobs:
</h2>
<ul>
<li>97 packages (building udebs) triggered by commits to their git master branches</li>
<li>manual in 24 languages, also git triggered</li>
<li>lvc and d-i from proposed branches planned</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section data-background="images/debian-jenkins.png" data-background-size="10%" data-background-position="90% 10%">
<h2>
37 debian-edu jobs:
</h2>
<ul>
<li>
28 g-i tests for jessie and stretch
</li>
<li>
8 debian-edu packages build triggerd by commits on their git master branches
</li>
<li>
very useful for debian-edu-doc which is published for 7 languages in HTML, PDF & EPUB format.
</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section data-background="images/debian-jenkins.png" data-background-size="10%" data-background-position="90% 10%">
<h2>
rebootstrap:
</h2>
<ul>
<li>Cross bootstrap Debian from scratch… </li>
<li> alpha arm64 arm64ilp32 armel armhf hppa hurd-amd64 hurd-i386 i386 kfreebsd-amd64 kfreebsd-armhf kfreebsd-i386 m68k mips mips64el mips64r6el mipsel mipsr6el musl-linux-arm64 musl-linux-armhf musl-linux-i386 musl-linux-mips musl-linux-mipsel nios2 powerpc powerpcel powerpcspe ppc64 ppc64el s390x sh4 sparc sparc64 tilegx x32</li>
<li> Helmut Grohne files lots of cross-building and bootstrapping bugs.</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section data-background="images/debian-jenkins.png" data-background-size="10%" data-background-position="90% 10%">
<h2>
more debian-qa related jobs:
</h2>
<li>orphaned packages without bug</li>
<li>dpkg trigger cycles</li>
<li>debhelper, debsums, lintian and piuparts are build on git commits in jessie, stretch and unstable</li>
<li>multiarch versionskew</li>
<li>
reproducible-builds.org - "btw": over 2600 'FTBFS' bugs found and fixed so far, ~400 open…
</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section data-background="images/debian-jenkins.png" data-background-size="10%" data-background-position="90% 10%">
<h2>
reproducible.debian.net / tests.reproducible-builds.org/debian/
</h2>
<ul>
<li>created by 379 / ~350 jobs on jenkins.debian.net</li>
<li class="fragment">it's not only about Debian anymore…</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section data-background="images/rbo.png" data-background-size="25%" data-background-position="90% 10%">
<h2>The problem: Can we trust the build process?</h2>
<ul>
<li class="fragment">One can inspect the source code of free software for flaws</li>
<li class="fragment">But distributions provide binary/compiled packages</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section data-background="images/rbo.png" data-background-size="25%" data-background-position="90% 10%">
<h2>The problem: nobody can trust any binary built anywhere anymore</h2>
<ul>
<li class="fragment">To get users, go after the developers</li>
<li class="fragment">Financial incentives to crack developer machines / build infrastructure</li>
<li class="fragment"><code>CVE-2002-0083</code>: Remote root exploit in OpenSSH (single bit difference in binary)</li>
<li class="fragment">Kernel module modifying source code when "viewed" by GCC only (see <code>media.ccc.de</code>)</li>
<li class="fragment">Compromised Apple iOS SDK, <em>Xcodeghost</em>, etc.</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section data-background="images/rbo.png" data-background-size="25%" data-background-position="90% 10%">
<h2>Our solution</h2>
<ul class="fragment"><small>(we are still at step 1 here)</small>
<li class="fragment">Ensure compilation of the same source always has bit by bit identical results</li>
<li class="fragment">Multiple parties compare compilation results</li>
<li class="fragment">Attacker needs to infect everybody simultaneously (or they are detected)</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section data-background="images/rbo.png" data-background-size="25%" data-background-position="90% 10%">
<h2>We call this <em>Reproducible Builds</em>.</h2>
<ul class="fragment">
<li class="fragment">We think this should become the norm for free software.</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section data-background="images/rbo.png" data-background-size="25%" data-background-position="90% 10%">
<h2 style="line-height: 130%;">
The motivation behind "reproducible" builds is to allow verification
that no flaws have been introduced during the compilation process.
</h2>
</section>
<section data-background="images/debian.jpg" data-background-color="black">
<h2>Reproducible builds in Debian</h2>
<p>Continuously build every package twice, varying:</p>
<ul>
<ul>
<li>Time & date</li>
<li>Hostname & domain name</li>
<li>Filesystem (<code><strike>disorderfs</strike></code>)</li>
<li>Timezone & locale</li>
<li><code>uid</code> & <code>gid</code></li>
<li>GECOS information, the shell & a bunch of environment variables </li>
<li>Kernel & CPU type</li>
<li>and more…</li>
</ul>
</ul>
</section>
<section data-background="images/diffoscope.png" data-background-size="75%" data-background-position="50% 50%">
<p><!-- FIXME: this is horrible… -->
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<h2><code>https://try.diffoscope.org</code></h2>
</p>
</section>
<section data-background="images/rbo.png" data-background-size="25%" data-background-position="90% 10%">
<h2>Challenges</h2>
<ul>
<ul>
<li>Timestamps</li>
<li>Timezones & locales</li>
<li>Non-deterministic file ordering</li>
<li>Dictionary/hash key ordering</li>
<li>Users, groups, <code>umask</code>, environment variables</li>
<li>Build paths</li>
<li>Specifying the environment</li>
</ul>
</ul>
</section>
<section data-background="images/unstable_status.png" data-background-size="100%">
</section>
<section data-background="images/testing_status.png" data-background-size="100%">
</section>
<section data-background="images/rbo.png" data-background-size="25%" data-background-position="90% 10%">
<h2>Other technical benefits</h2>
<ul>
<ul>
<li>Faster to build; saves time, money & the environment</li>
<li>Easier to test changes/revisions</li>
<li>Unsafe behaviour (eg. internet access)</li>
<li>Unreliable / non-deterministic behaviours (eg. timing)</li>
<li>Finds bugs in uncommon timezones or locales</li>
<li>Detect corrupted build environments</li>
<li>Find future build failures (eg. expired certificates)</li>
</ul>
</ul>
</section>
<section data-background="images/stats_bugs_sin_ftbfs_state.png" data-background-size="100%">
</section>
<section data-background="images/rbo.png" data-background-size="25%" data-background-position="90% 10%">
<h2>Future work</h2>
<ul>
<li><code>.buildinfo</code> files distribution unsolved <small>(step 2)</small></li>
<li>How to make it meaningful for end-users <small>(step 3)</small></li>
<li class="fragment">Source code still vulnerable</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h2>Beyond Debian…</h2>
<p>
<img src="images/logos/archlinux.png">
<!-- img src="images/logos/baserock.png" -->
<img src="images/logos/bitcoin.png">
<img src="images/logos/coreboot.png">
<img src="images/logos/debian.png">
<img src="images/logos/electrobsd.png">
<img src="images/logos/f-droid.png">
<img src="images/logos/fedora.png">
<img src="images/logos/freebsd.png">
<img src="images/logos/google.png">
<img src="images/logos/guix.png">
<img src="images/logos/lede.png">
<img src="images/logos/netbsd.png">
<img src="images/logos/nixos.png">
<img src="images/logos/openSUSE.png">
<img src="images/logos/openwrt.png">
<img src="images/logos/tails.png">
<img src="images/logos/tor.png">
<img src="images/logos/webconverger.png">
<div class="fragment">Reproducible Builds summits (Athens 2015, Berlin 2016)</li>
</div>
</p>
</section>
<section>
<h2>Projects using Profitbricks resources via jenkins.debian.net</h2>
<p>works:
<img src="images/logos/coreboot.png">
<img src="images/logos/debian.png">
<img src="images/logos/freebsd.png">
<img src="images/logos/lede.png">
<img src="images/logos/netbsd.png">
<img src="images/logos/openwrt.png">
</p>
<p>worked:
<img src="images/logos/archlinux.png">
<img src="images/logos/fedora.png">
</p>
<p>work in progress:
<img src="images/logos/f-droid.png">
<img src="images/logos/guix.png">
</p>
</section>
<section data-background="images/rbo.png" data-background-size="25%" data-background-position="90% 10%">
<h2>
Resources used for reproducibility testing on jenkins.debian.net, by architecture & sponsor
</h2>
<ul>
<li>13 amd64 systems, sponsored by Profitbricks</li>
<li>4 i386 systems, sponsored by Profitbricks</li>
<li>22 armhf systems, sponsored by vagrant@d.o, Debian & other donations</li>
<li>soon: 8 arm64 systems, sponsored by codethink.co.uk</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section data-background-color="white" data-background="images/rbo.png" data-background-size="25%" data-background-position="90% 10%">
<h2>Usually I thank:</h2>
<p style="text-align: center;">
<img src="images/cii.png">
<br>
<img src="images/lf.png">
<br>
<img src="images/profitbricks.jpg">
<br>
<img src="images/debian_logo.png">
</p>
</section>
<section data-background="images/wholeworld.jpg" data-background-size="28%" data-background-position="99% 2%">
<h2>Todays special thanks:</h2>
<p style="text-align: center;">
<img src="images/profitbricks.jpg">
<ul>
<li>from Debian, <code>jenkins.debian.net</code> would not have been possible like this without <em>your support!</em></li>
<li>from many many folks interested in Reproducible Builds!</li><!-- thanks to <em>you</em> <code>reproducible.debian.net</code>
could grow into <code>tests.reproducible-builds.org</code> so smoothly!</li> -->
</ul>
</p>
</section>
<section data-background="images/debian.jpg" data-background-color="black">
<h2 style="text-align: center;">Questions?</h2>
<br />
<br />
<table>
<tr>
<td>
<a href="mailto:holger@debian.org">holger@debian.org</a>
</td>
<td style="text-align: right;">
<code>B8BF 5413 7B09 D35C F026<br />FE9D 091A B856 069A AA1C</code>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<br>
<p style="text-align: center;">
<a href="https://jenkins.debian.net/"><code>https://jenkins.debian.net</code></a>
<br>
<a href="https://reproducible-builds.org/"><code>https://reproducible-builds.org</code></a>
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
</p>
<p style="text-align: center;">
<small> …and many thanks to Chris Lamb for the nice slide design!</small>
</p>
</section>
</div>
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