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<section data-background="images/debian_logo.png" data-background-size="10%" data-background-position="90% 10%">
<h2>
jenkins.debian.net or what is Debian doing with all these ressources
</h2>
<h4>
<br>
Holger Levsen (h01ger)
</h4>
</section>
<section data-background="images/install.jpg" data-background-size="80%" data-background-color="black">
<h2>The problem</h2>
<ul>
<li class="fragment">Can inspect the source code of free software for flaws</li>
<li class="fragment">But distributions provide binary/compiled packages</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h2>Can we trust this process?</h2>
<ul>
<li class="fragment">To get users, go after the developers</li>
<li class="fragment">Financial incentives to crack developer machines / build infrastructure</li>
<li class="fragment"><code>CVE-2002-0083</code>: Remote root exploit in OpenSSH (single bit difference in binary)</li>
<li class="fragment">Kernel module modifying source code when "viewed" by GCC only (see <code>media.ccc.de</code>)</li>
<li class="fragment">Compromised Apple iOS SDK, <em>Xcodeghost</em>, etc.</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h2 style="line-height: 130%;">
The motivation behind "reproducible" builds is to allow verification
that no flaws have been introduced during the compilation process.
</h2>
</section>
<section>
<h2>The solution</h2>
<ol>
<li class="fragment">Ensure compilation always identical results</li>
<li class="fragment">Multiple parties compare compilation results</li>
<li class="fragment">Attacker needs to infect everybody simultaneously (or they are detected)</li>
</ol>
</section>
<section>
<h2>Challenges</h2>
<ul>
<ul>
<li class="fragment">Timestamps</li>
<li class="fragment">Timezones & locales</li>
<li class="fragment">Non-deterministic file ordering</li>
<li class="fragment">Dictionary/hash key ordering</li>
<li class="fragment">Users, groups, <code>umask</code>, environment variables</li>
<li class="fragment">Build paths</li>
<li class="fragment">Specifying the environment</li>
</ul>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h2>Technical advantages</h2>
<ul>
<ul>
<li class="fragment">Faster to build; saves time, money & the environment</li>
<li class="fragment">Easier to test changes/revisions</li>
<li class="fragment">Unsafe behaviour (eg. internet access)</li>
<li class="fragment">Unreliable / non-deterministic behaviours (eg. timing)</li>
<li class="fragment">Finds bugs in uncommon timezones or locales</li>
<li class="fragment">Detect corrupted build environments</li>
<li class="fragment">Find future build failures (eg. expired certificates)</li>
</ul>
</ul>
</section>
<section data-background="images/debian.jpg" data-background-color="black">
<h2>Reproducible builds in Debian</h2>
<p>Continuously build every package twice, varying:</p>
<ul class="fragment">
<ul>
<li class="fragment">Time & date</li>
<li class="fragment">Hostname & domain name</li>
<li class="fragment">Filesystem (<code><strike>disorderfs</strike></code>)</li>
<li class="fragment">Timezone & locale</li>
<li class="fragment"><code>uid</code> & <code>gid</code></li>
<li class="fragment">GECOS information, the shell & a bunch of environment variables </li>
<li class="fragment">Kernel & CPU type</li>
<li class="fragment">and more…</li>
</ul>
</ul>
</section>
<section data-background="images/testing_status.png">
</section>
<section data-background="images/unstable_status.png">
</section>
<section data-background="images/stats_bugs_sin_ftbfs_state.png">
</section>
<section>
<h2>Toolchain</h2>
<ul>
<li>Previously needed to use custom packages</li>
<li>Not needed since dpkg <code>1.18.11</code></li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h2>Build paths</h2>
<ul>
<li class="fragment">Many builds embed path they are built from</li>
<li class="fragment">our test setup previously used same build path</li>
<li class="fragment">In unstable, we now vary the build path → lots of unreproducibility</li>
<li class="fragment">Work on general solutions ongoing (eg. <code>SOURCE_PREFIX_MAP</code> for GCC)</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h2><code>.buildinfo</code> files (1/2)</h2>
<ul>
<li class="fragment">Definition of the environment used during a build</li>
<li class="fragment">Specificies:
<ul>
<li>Inputs: <code>.dsc</code>, <code>Build-Depends</code>, build path, etc.</li>
<li>Outputs: <code>.deb</code> checksums, etc.</li>
</ul>
<li class="fragment"><code>dak</code> needs to accept and forward them</li>
<li class="fragment">Will be signed by autobuilders, third-parties, etc.</li>
<li class="fragment">Experimental server at <a href="https://buildinfo.debian.net/">buildinfo.debian.net</a></li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h2><code>.buildinfo</code> files (2/2)</h2>
<ul>
<li class="fragment">Outstanding questions:
<ul>
<li class="fragment">Filename scheme</li>
<li class="fragment">Time</li>
<li class="fragment">Environment variables</li>
</ul>
<li class="fragment">How to host 100,000s of files on <code>ftp-master.d.o</code></li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h2>2016 summit meeting</h2>
<ul>
<li>Three-day workshop in Berlin, Germany</li>
<li>Follow-up to Athens 2015 event</li>
</ul>
<br>
<br>
<p style="text-align: center;">
<a href="https://reproducible-builds.org/events/berlin2016/"><code>reproducible-builds.org/events/berlin2016/</code></a>
</p>
</section>
<section>
<h2>Beyond Debian…</h2>
<ul>
<li class="fragment">coreboot, Fedora, LEDE, OpenWRT, NetBSD, FreeBSD, Arch, Qubes, F-Droid, NixOS, Guix, etc.</li>
<li class="fragment">Other projects now using "our" testing framework, <code>SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH</code>, <code>.buildinfo</code> file concept</li>
<li class="fragment">Reproducible Builds summits (Athens, Berlin)</li>
<li class="fragment">Some challenges moving from <code>debian-</code> prefixes, mailing lists, etc.</li>
<li class="fragment">Generic tools</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section data-background="images/diffoscope.png">
</section>
<section>
<h2>Future work</h2>
<ul class="fragment">
<li class="fragment">dak (<code>.buildinfo</code> file support)</li>
<li class="fragment">How to make it meaningful for end-users</li>
<li class="fragment">Source code still vulnerable</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h2>Getting involved</h2>
<ul class="fragment">
<li class="fragment">Check your own packages</li>
<li class="fragment">Visit <a href="https://reproducible-builds.org/"><code>reproducible-builds.org</a></code></li class="fragment">
<li class="fragment">Stop using dates (or use <tt><a href="https://reproducible-builds.org/specs/">SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH</a></tt>)</li>
<li class="fragment"><code>#reproducible-builds</code> on <code>irc.oftc.net</code></li>
</ul>
</section>
<section data-background-color="white">
<p>
<img src="images/cii.png">
<br>
<img src="images/lf.png">
<br>
<img src="images/profitbricks.jpg">
<br>
<img src="images/debian_logo.png">
</p>
</section>
<section data-background="images/debian.jpg" data-background-color="black">
<h2 style="text-align: center;">Questions?</h2>
<br>
<br>
<table>
<tr>
<td>
<a href="mailto:lamby@debian.org">lamby@debian.org</a>
</td>
<td style="text-align: right;">
<code>C2FE 4BD2 71C1 39B8 6C53 3E46 1E95 3E27 D431 1E58</code>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<a href="mailto:holger@debian.org">holger@debian.org</a>
</td>
<td style="text-align: right;">
<code>B8BF 5413 7B09 D35C F026 FE9D 091A B856 069A AA1C</code>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<br>
<p style="text-align: center;">
<a href="https://reproducible-builds.org/"><code>reproducible-builds.org</code></a>
<br>
<code>#reproducible-builds</code> on <code>irc.oftc.net</code>
</p>
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